链烷技术检测蝗虫食性方法的研究

为验证链烷技术测定蝗虫食性的精确性,确定蝗虫粪便中链烷的回收率。于2007年夏季在内蒙古太仆寺旗天然草地,用优势植物羊草(Leymus chinensis)、糙隐子草(Cleistegenes squarrosa)和克氏针茅(Stipa kylovii)各500g,饲喂360只成虫的亚洲小车蝗(Oedaleus asiaticus)。试验期内每天记录蝗虫实际牧草采食量、采食成分和排粪量,利用气相色谱分析牧草和粪样的链烷含量,应用链烷技术测定蝗虫的牧草采食比例,并与实际值进行比较。结果表明,3种牧草链烷模式存在种间差异;蝗虫粪便中链烷的回收率随链烷长度的增加而线性增加;蝗虫采食羊草、糙隐子草和克氏针茅比例的测定值与实际值存在显著正相关(P<0.05),相关系数分别为0.925 5、0.956 6和0.978 2。因此链烷技术可以精确测定典型草原蝗虫的食物组成。     

Effects of ibrolipim against atherosclerosis in minipigs

AIM: To explore the application mechanism of NO-1886 (ibrolipim), a synthetic compound, improving dyslipidemia and inhibiting atherosclerosis in Guizhou minipigs fed with high fat/high sucrose diet. METHODS: Fifteen Chinese Guizhou minipigs were randomized into three groups with similar body weight ［(n=5 in normal control group (CD); n=5 in high fat/high sucrose group (HFSD); n=5 in high fat/high sucrose supplemented ibrolipim group （HFSD+ibrolipim)］. Blood samples were withdrawn from the eyehole sinus venosus of the animals at the end of each month after fasting overnight. The animals were sacrificed at the end of 8 months. The concentrations of cholesterol ester in plasma HDL were analyzed by HPLC. The aortic fatty streak-lesions were quantified following lipid staining with Sudan IV. Lipid droplets in liver were observed by Oil red O staining. RESULTS: Compared with CD, fasting plasma TC, TG and FFA levels of HFSD were elevated significantly. The aortic fatty streak-lesions were clearly presented in the animals’ aortas. The intima became rougher and thicker. A lot of lipoid foam cells migrated to regions of intima and smooth muscle cells, which associated with the injuries of internal elastic lamina. Extensive fat deposited in the liver were observed. Supplementing of 1.0% ibrolipim into high fat/high sucrose diet induced the decrease in plasma TG and FFA concentrations and an increase in plasma HDL-C concentration compared with HFSD. A little fat deposited in the liver were observed. CONCLUSION: ibrolipim prevents AS in high fat/high sucrose diet feeding minipigs through decreasing the plasma TG and elevating the plasma HDL-C.     

家蝇（Musca domestica Vicina L.）头部乙酰胆碱酯酶检测农药残留最佳条件研究

系统研究了敏感家蝇Musca domestica Vicina L.羽化后不同天数其头部乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的比活力、敏感度以及酶源蛋白质含量的变化;缓冲液pH值对家蝇头部AChE比活力的影响。结果表明:家蝇初羽化至羽化后第15 d,其头部AChE的比活力逐渐升高 ,而酶源蛋白质的含量逐渐下降(187.022 2±9.021 3~83.022 2±7.111 1 μg/头)。羽化后2~4 d,其头部AChE的敏感度最高;初羽化和羽化后第15 d,敌敌畏的I50分别是羽化后第3 d的1.4倍和2.1倍。在一定的pH值范围内(6.6~8.0),家蝇头部AChE的比活力随缓冲液pH值的升高而增大。本研究为利用家蝇头部AChE检测有机磷残留量探索了最佳条件。     

mRNA差异显示技术在研究动物胚胎发育相关基因中的应用

本文简要介绍了mRNA差异显示技术的原理、优缺点及其在研究动物早期胚胎发育相关基因中的应用进展.     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒起源及演化关系的探讨

通过综述感染人类的H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感病毒起源及演化关系,表明感染人的A/Hongkong/97(H5N1)株及目前流行的高致病性禽流感病毒可能起源于禽源的A型流感病毒株(A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96)。自1996年以来,H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的基因型经Gs/Gd,A,B,C,D,E,V,W,X0-X3,Y,Z和Z 不断的演化为目前流行的基因型Z。高致病性禽流感病毒(H5,H7和H9亚型)在禽,特别是水禽体内的重组或重配而相互传播,并随候鸟的迁徙而传播不易消灭,H5N1亚型的禽流感在不同地区的不断暴发与流行已严重威胁着养禽业的发展及人类的健康,需要进行长期监控。     

湟源县青海半细毛羊四项血清钙指标的测定

对湟源县78只青海半细毛羊的四项血清钙指标进行了测定.结果为,血清总钙2.79 mmoL/L±0.18 mmoL/L;血清游离钙1.08 mmoL/L±0.11 mmoL/L;血清结合钙1.71 mmoL/L±0.11 mmoL/L;游离钙百分率38.82%±6.22%.公(羯)、母羊血清钙指标之间差异不显著.     

广东畜牧业产业化经营利益生成和分配机制的问题与对策

提出畜牧业产业化经营的发展是畜牧业产业化经营产业链各成员之间利益生成和分配的合作与博弈过程，产业链是否稳定决定于利益分配是否合理，产业链各成员是否实现了个体利益分配的最优化，从而实现产业链效益的最大化。指出广东畜牧业产业化经营的健康发展离不开产业链利益生成和分配机制的不断优化，离不开市场的导向作用、法律制度的完善和政府的宏观调控作用。     

湘中农区壶天山羊的生产性能及生态养殖技术研究

通过采用测定200只壶天山羊的体尺体重,统计66胎产仔情况、屠宰6只成年羊,将8只成年杂交羊(壶天羊×马头羊)和50只成年壶天羊作对比等办法,从而真实系统地总结了该山羊的各项生产性能.对以"七化四结合"为主要内容的山羊生态养殖关键技术进行了研究,提出了"羊→沼→稻(菜或草)"生产模式和"企业 农户"的经营模式.     

野生花卉蓝刺头的根插繁殖

对蓝刺头进行了根插材料和扦插基质的筛选试验,结果表明:根粗在0.5～0.8cm、长3cm扦插效果好,诱导愈伤率、不定芽数、生根数及扦插成活率均高于其它处理,为最佳根繁材料.不同基质在促进蓝刺头插稳发芽和生根方面差异显著,其中河沙:草炭=1:1扦插最为理想.根插10d后,插穗上端首先形成白色突起状愈伤组织,然后分化出不定芽,20d后,下端分化出不定根,通过细胞学观察,其不定芽及不定根发生部位均为中柱鞘周围的细胞,为内生起源.